Recently I realized a gap in my poetical education (one of many): Rainer Maria Rilke. My grandparents gave me his
Letters to a Young Poet, but I've never actually read any of his poetry. So a couple of weeks ago, I checked out the
Duino Elegies and his
Book of Hours from the library, and since then I've been making my way through the
Elegies.
Now, Rilke's philosophy is deeply flawed: his poetry works in a world without God, that celebrates its godlessness. He both mourns and delights in human transience; the fact that we die is both a source of deep pain and an ultimate glory to him. For these reasons Rilke sees humanity caught between "the Angel," a symbol for transcendence, and nature, to which we are much more akin, which is more sympathetic to us. Similarly, following from that, Rilke adopts many of the Romantic tropes that idealize nature and idealize childhood. Childhood is the closest humanity can get to nature, to a sense of oneness with the world, before we die.
Having said that, I've found parts of his
Elegies very beautiful. This selection from the "Eighth Elegy" is a case in point:
Eighth Elegy
Rainer Maria Rilke, trans. Martyn Crucefix
With all its eyes, Cration looks on the Open.
Only ours seems to have been turned backwards
and they appear to lay traps all round it
as if to prevent its going free….
And look at the half-certainties
of the bird that knows both states almost
from hatching—as if it were the soul
of an Etruscan, released from the dead
onlky to be received into another space
that has for its lid a reclining figure.
And how bewildered is any creature
that is womb-born and yet has to fly.
As if frightened of itself, it must hurtle
through the air the way a crack goes
through a tea-cup—so a bat’s track
streaks through the porcelain of evening.
And we: spectators, always, everywhere,
we face all this, never see beyond it!
It spills from us. We arrange it.
It falls to pieces. We arrange again.
We ourselves fall to pieces.
Who has twisted us this way round,
so no matter what we do we are always
in the position of one leaving? Just as,
on the last possible hill from which he can
glimpse his whole valley one final time,
he turns, stops there, he lingers—
so we live on, forever bidding goodbye.
Here I think Rilke gets exactly right that sense we have as humans of never being at rest. No matter how we try to organize the world--whether that's consciously and philosophically, through thought and art, or practically, through everyday vocations, we're always trying to impose our control on a world that is always disintegrating around us. Because of that we can never feel quite at home here, must always exist in the face of the fact that we will someday have to say good-bye to the world and enter death.
Of course, at this point a Christian would make the redemptive move. We are not merely transient animals; we belong to God, and we have the promise of eternal life in a perfected world where spirit and matter are beautifully united by Christ. Sometimes, though, I think I appreciate that truth more by resting for awhile in the mindset of a person without that hope.